Soil Data Explorer - HADES

Official Series Description

Lab Data Summary

Aggregate lab data for the HADES soil series. This aggregation is based on all pedons with a current taxon name of HADES, and applied along 1-cm thick depth slices. Solid lines are the slice-wise median, bounded on either side by the interval defined by the slice-wise 5th and 95th percentiles. The median is the value that splits the data in half. Five percent of the data are less than the 5th percentile, and five percent of the data are greater than the 95th percentile. Values along the right hand side y-axis describe the proportion of pedon data that contribute to aggregate values at this depth. For example, a value of "90%" at 25cm means that 90% of the pedons correlated to HADES were used in the calculation. Source: KSSL snapshot (updated 2020-03-18). Methods used to assemble the KSSL snapshot used by SoilWeb / SDE

Pedons used in the lab summary:

MLRA	Lab ID	Pedon ID	Taxonname	CI	NSSL / NASIS Reports	Link To SoilWeb GMap
25	00P0720	99ID073001	Hades	7	Primary | Supplementary | Taxonomy | Pedon | Water Retention | Correlation | Andic Soil Properties	43.2883339,-116.8441696

Water Balance

Monthly water balance estimated using a leaky-bucket style model for the HADES soil series. Monthly precipitation (PPT) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) have been estimated from the 50th percentile of gridded values (PRISM 1981-2010) overlapping with the extent of SSURGO map units containing each series as a major component. Monthly PET values were estimated using the method of Thornthwaite (1948). These (and other) climatic parameters are calculated with each SSURGO refresh and provided by the fetchOSD function of the soilDB package. Representative water storage values (“AWC” in the figures) were derived from SSURGO by taking the 50th percentile of profile-total water storage (sum[awc_r * horizon thickness]) for each soil series. Note that this representation of “water storage” is based on the average ability of most plants to extract soil water between 15 bar (“permanent wilting point”) and 1/3 bar (“field capacity”) matric potential. Soil moisture state can be roughly interpreted as “dry” when storage is depleted, “moist” when storage is between 0mm and AWC, and “wet” when there is a surplus. Clearly there are a lot of assumptions baked into this kind of monthly water balance. This is still a work in progress.

Sibling Summary

Siblings are those soil series that occur together in map units, in this case with the HADES series. Sketches are arranged according to their subgroup-level taxonomic structure. Source: SSURGO snapshot (updated 2024-02-21), parsed OSD records (updated 2023-10-06) and snapshot of SC database (updated 2023-10-02).

Select annual climate data summaries for the HADES series and siblings. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of median values. Source: SSURGO map unit geometry and 1981-2010, 800m PRISM data (updated 2023-10-09).

Geomorphic description summaries for the HADES series and siblings. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of proportions and relative hydrologic position within an idealized landform (e.g. top to bottom). Most soil series (SSURGO components) are associated with a hillslope position and one or more landform-specific positions: hills, mountain slopes, terraces, and/or flats. Proportions can be interpreted as an aggregate representation of geomorphic membership. The values printed to the left (number of component records) and right (Shannon entropy) of stacked bars can be used to judge the reliability of trends. Small Shannon entropy values suggest relatively consistent geomorphic association, while larger values suggest lack thereof. Source: SSURGO component records (updated 2023-10-04).

There are insufficient data to create the 3D flats position figure.

Competing Series

Soil series competing with HADES share the same family level classification in Soil Taxonomy. Source: parsed OSD records (updated 2023-10-06) and snapshot of the SC database (updated 2023-10-02).

Select annual climate data summaries for the HADES series and competing. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of median values. Source: SSURGO map unit geometry and 1981-2010, 800m PRISM data (updated 2023-10-09).

Geomorphic description summaries for the HADES series and competing. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of proportions and relative hydrologic position within an idealized landform (e.g. top to bottom). Proportions can be interpreted as an aggregate representation of geomorphic membership. Most soil series (SSURGO components) are associated with a hillslope position and one or more landform-specific positions: hills, mountain slopes, terraces, and/or flats. The values printed to the left (number of component records) and right (Shannon entropy) of stacked bars can be used to judge the reliability of trends. Shannon entropy values close to 0 represent soil series with relatively consistent geomorphic association, while values close to 1 suggest lack thereof. Source: SSURGO component records (updated 2023-10-04).

There are insufficient data to create the 3D flats position figure.

Soil series sharing subgroup-level classification with HADES, arranged according to family differentiae. Hovering over a series name will print full classification and a small sketch from the OSD. Source: snapshot of SC database (updated 2023-10-02).

Block Diagrams

Click a link below to display the diagram. Note that these diagrams may be from multiple survey areas.

1. ID-2010-08-30-05 | Franklin County Area - 2008

   Typical pattern of soils and underlying material in general soil map units 3 (Picabo-Thatcherflats-Bear Lake) and 12 (Cloudless-Hades) (Soil Survey of Franklin County Area, Idaho; 2008).

Map Units

Map units containing HADES as a major component. Limited to 250 records.

Map Unit Name	Symbol	Map Unit Area (ac)	Map Unit Key	National Map Unit Symbol	Soil Survey Area	Publication Date	Map Scale
Vipont-Hades families association, 15 to 50 percent slopes.	194	13723	470415	hshp	ca702	1984	1:24000
Hades-Vipont-Anatone families association, 10 to 30 percent slopes.	179	3818	470494	hsl7	ca703	1983	1:24000
Hades-Ginser-Ola families association, 10 to 30 percent slopes	6	2319	465322	hm6d	ca772	1981	1:24000
Hades-Ginser-Ola families association, 30 to 60 percent slopes	7	2047	465323	hm6f	ca772	1981	1:24000
Hades-Sharesnout complex, 5 to 35 percent slopes	67	7168	486246	j9zc	id675	1992	1:24000
Kiyi-Sharesnout-Hades complex, 3 to 40 percent slopes	92	5280	486296	jb0z	id675	1992	1:24000
Yeates Hollow-Hades complex, 10 to 40 percent slopes	164	3880	82484	2rts	id708	1987	1:24000
Hades gravelly loam, 4 to 12 percent slopes	66	3486	82540	2rwl	id708	1987	1:24000
Ireland-Hades association, 5 to 45 percent slopes	80	2936	82556	2rx3	id708	1987	1:24000
Birchcreek-Hades complex, 15 to 50 percent slopes	20	1237	82490	2rtz	id708	1987	1:24000
Manila-Hades complex, 8 to 20 percent slopes	96	1109	82573	2rxn	id708	1987	1:24000
Hades-Lanoak-Camelback complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	106	68	82685	2s18	id709	1976	1:24000
Valmar-Hades complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	107	35	82688	2s1c	id709	1976	1:24000
Camelback-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	110	35	82682	2s15	id709	1976	1:24000
Dranyon-Hades-Hagenbarth complex, 10 to 35 percent slopes	3200	515	3238954	2pt1s	id710	1968	1:24000
Lanoak-Hades-Rexburg, very deep, complex, 4 to 20 percent slopes	480GG	144	3238959	2wg11	id710	1968	1:24000
Valmar-Prucree-Hades complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	483	59	2558441	2mnb3	id710	1968	1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	116	53	3163564	2szwg	id710	1968	1:24000
Cloud Rim-Hades-Valmar complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes, MLRA 13	46	30	2558436	2q7wf	id710	1968	1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	116	28896	3163561	2szwg	id711	1983	1:24000
Cedarhill, high precipitation-Hades-Ricrest complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	33	9961	3163528	2v05x	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades-Camelback-Lanoak complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	50	6750	3163536	2v06h	id711	1983	1:24000
Lanoak-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	72	5601	3163544	2szx2	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades-Camelback-Hondoho complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	47	5190	3163535	2v05r	id711	1983	1:24000
Camelback, extremely stony surface-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	25	3933	3163522	2v06k	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades-Holmes complex, 1 to 10 percent slopes	48	1663	82920	2s8v	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades-Lanoak complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	49	1525	82921	2s8w	id711	1983	1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Yago complex, 4 to 20 percent slopes	14	1378	82883	2s7n	id711	1983	1:24000
Ireland, extremely stony surface-Hades-Cedarhill complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	61	1359	3163542	2v05k	id711	1983	1:24000
Camelback-Hades-Valmar complex, 20 to 30 percent slopes	26	1192	3163523	2v062	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades gravelly silt loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes	46	934	82918	2s8s	id711	1983	1:24000
Hondoho-Hades complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	55	762	82928	2s93	id711	1983	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Povey, high effective precipitation, complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	468	507	3173252	2q7wh	id711	1983	1:24000
Valmar-Hades complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	117	246	82870	2s77	id711	1983	1:24000
Valmar-Hades-Dipcreek complex, 5 to 25 percent slopes	2270	218	3238970	2pdkz	id711	1983	1:24000
Dranyon-Hades-Hagenbarth complex, 10 to 35 percent slopes	3200	26	3238974	2pt1s	id711	1983	1:24000
Hades silt loam, 4 to 12 percent slopes	93	1110	154294	55k7	id712	2008	1:24000
Hades-Horrocks complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	95	813	1014540	131q3	id712	2008	1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Swanpeak complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	34	808	154455	55qf	id712	2008	1:24000
Hades silt loam, 0 to 4 percent slopes	92	628	154293	55k6	id712	2008	1:24000
Hades silt loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes	94	622	154295	55k8	id712	2008	1:24000
Cedarhill, high precipitation-Hades-Ricrest complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	33-B	65	3173265	2v05x	id712	2008	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Povey, high effective precipitation, complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	468	5996	2508633	2q7wh	id713		1:24000
Ireland-Hades-Davtone family, complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes	388	5164	2432600	2mn9z	id713		1:24000
Ricafied-Hades family, complex, 15 to 40 percent slopes	460	3750	2619868	2rg00	id713		1:24000
Cedarhill, high precipitation-Hades-Ricrest complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	33	3367	2514578	2v05x	id713		1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	116	2833	2514571	2szwg	id713		1:24000
Hondoho-Ridgecrest-Hades association, 12 to 50 percent slopes	43	2043	2619847	2v06w	id713		1:24000
Hades-Camelback-Hondoho complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	47	1694	2514580	2v05r	id713		1:24000
Valmar-Prucree-Hades complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	483	1637	2432604	2mnb3	id713		1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Yago, very stony surface, complex, 5 to 35 percent slopes	BHE	1382	2917057	n4b7	id713		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	72	554	2514588	2szx2	id713		1:24000
Cloud Rim-Hades-Valmar complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes, MLRA 13	46	496	2508631	2q7wf	id713		1:24000
Yago-Manila-Hades complex, 20 to 40 percent slopes	133	447	2619842	2v07n	id713		1:24000
Valmar-Camelback, very deep-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	ABG	361	2984142	n49z	id713		1:24000
Hades-Camelback-Lanoak complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	50	276	2514581	2v06h	id713		1:24000
Ireland, extremely stony surface-Hades-Cedarhill complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	61	266	2619898	2v05k	id713		1:24000
Camelback, extremely stony surface-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	25	242	2514573	2v06k	id713		1:24000
Valmar-Hades-Dipcreek complex, 5 to 25 percent slopes	2270	127	2520247	2pdkz	id713		1:24000
Camelback-Hades-Valmar complex, 20 to 30 percent slopes	26	103	2514574	2v062	id713		1:24000
Cloudless-Hades-Howcan complex, 12 to 20 percent slopes	39	79	2619890	2v07s	id713		1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Justesen complex, 6 to 25 percent slopes	13	75	2619843	2v06q	id713		1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Streek complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	715AA	72	2520240	5bwq	id713		1:24000
Cloud Rim-Hades-Valmar complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes, MLRA 47	4647	66	2980912	2x025	id713		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades-Lanark complex, 4 to 24 percent slopes	7012	47	2981069	2yvfb	id713		1:24000
Lanoak-Broadhead-Hades complex, 25 to 50 percent slopes	77-F	27	3163230	2yy48	id713		1:24000
Hades-Alexander-Dranburn complex, 8 to 40 percent slopes, MLRA 43B	7040	21	3239000	2ypjr	id713		1:24000
Povey-Hades-Hondoho association, 10 to 50 percent slopes	91	21	2619883	2v077	id713		1:24000
Camelback, very deep-Hades-Valmar complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	BAF	20	2984141	n4b0	id713		1:24000
Camelback-Valmar-Hades complex, 5 to 30 percent slopes	33-F	5	3093899	j8z3	id713		1:24000
Araveton-Hades complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	1-O	2	3163231	2yy46	id713		1:24000
Povey-Hades-Hondoho, stony surface, complex, 10 to 50 percent slopes	121	1	3093889	j8wz	id713		1:24000
Hades silt loam, 4 to 12 percent slopes	93-BL	1	2984223	55k7	id713		1:24000
Hondoho, stony surface-Sprollow-Hades complex, 12 to 50 percent slopes	55	0	3093897	j8zw	id713		1:24000
Hondoho, stony surface-Sprollow-Hades complex, 12 to 50 percent slopes	55	5103	485301	j8zw	id714	1997	1:24000
Cloudless-Hades-Howcan complex, 12 to 20 percent slopes	39	3565	3163567	2v07s	id714	1997	1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Justesen complex, 6 to 25 percent slopes	23	3021	485266	j8yr	id714	1997	1:24000
Lanoak-Broadhead-Hades complex, 25 to 50 percent slopes	77	2360	3163571	2yy48	id714	1997	1:24000
Cloudless-Hades complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	38	2337	485282	j8z8	id714	1997	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Hondoho, stony surface, complex, 10 to 50 percent slopes	121	1160	485211	j8wz	id714	1997	1:24000
Hades-Camelback-Hondoho complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	46	419	485291	j8zk	id714	1997	1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	143	392	485235	j8xr	id714	1997	1:24000
Lanoak-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	78	294	485326	j90p	id714	1997	1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Justesen complex, 6 to 25 percent slopes	13-O	173	3173326	2v06q	id714	1997	1:24000
Camelback-Valmar-Hades complex, 5 to 30 percent slopes	33	85	485277	j8z3	id714	1997	1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Yago, very stony surface, complex, 5 to 35 percent slopes	BHE	82	3173331	n4b7	id714	1997	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Povey, high effective precipitation, complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	468	55	3173340	2q7wh	id714	1997	1:24000
Cedarhill-Hades-Ricrest complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	35	48	485279	j8z5	id714	1997	1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Yago complex, 4 to 20 percent slopes	30	47	485274	j8z0	id714	1997	1:24000
Hades-Lanoak-Camelback complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	47	38	485292	j8zl	id714	1997	1:24000
Hondoho-Hades complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	53	29	485299	j8zt	id714	1997	1:24000
Ireland, extremely stony surface-Hades-Cedarhill complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	61-B	26	3173322	2v05k	id714	1997	1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	116-B	4	3173324	2szwg	id714	1997	1:24000
Hondoho-Ridgecrest-Hades association, 12 to 50 percent slopes	43	25223	3163592	2v06w	id715	1994	1:24000
Yago-Manila-Hades complex, 20 to 40 percent slopes	133	6150	3163617	2v07n	id715	1994	1:24000
Araveton-Hades complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	1	4503	3163583	2yy46	id715	1994	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Hondoho association, 10 to 50 percent slopes	91	3127	3163604	2v077	id715	1994	1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Justesen complex, 6 to 25 percent slopes	13	1544	3163588	2v06q	id715	1994	1:24000
Povey-Hades-Povey, high effective precipitation, complex, 20 to 60 percent slopes	468	985	3173365	2q7wh	id715	1994	1:24000
Ricafied-Hades family, complex, 15 to 40 percent slopes	460	159	3173372	2rg00	id715	1994	1:24000
Cedarhill, high precipitation-Hades-Ricrest complex, 20 to 50 percent slopes	33-B	74	3173359	2v05x	id715	1994	1:24000
Valmar-Camelback-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	116-B	13	3173362	2szwg	id715	1994	1:24000
Dranyon-Hades-Hagenbarth complex, 10 to 35 percent slopes	3200	9366	2495474	2pt1s	id716		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades-Rexburg, very deep, complex, 4 to 20 percent slopes	480GG	6103	2930234	2wg11	id716		1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Streek complex, 4 to 12 percent slopes	715AA	4483	159424	5bwq	id716		1:24000
Dipcreek-Hades-Dranburn complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes	7055	3748	3074037	2xxdl	id716		1:24000
Hades-Clegg-Streek complex, 5 to 30% slopes	2013	3716	2989633	2x3mn	id716		1:24000
Bischoff-Hades-Lanark complex, 6 to 24 percent slopes	7021	2615	3140434	2yql5	id716		1:24000
Streek-Hades-Bothwell complex, 8 to 22 percent slopes	715BB	2444	2109025	28sm2	id716		1:24000
Valmar-Camelback, very deep-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	ABG	2361	599973	n49z	id716		1:24000
Hades-Calpac-Buist complex, 12 to 35 percent slopes	BME	2175	599984	n4bb	id716		1:24000
Hades-Alexander-Dranburn complex, 8 to 40 percent slopes, MLRA 43B	7040	1746	3136432	2ypjr	id716		1:24000
Bancroft-Hades-Bothwell complex, 5 to 20 percent slopes	2230	1542	2484686	2pdj5	id716		1:24000
Valmar-Hades-Dipcreek complex, 5 to 25 percent slopes	2270	1468	2484742	2pdkz	id716		1:24000
Hades-Yago, very stony surface-Bancroft complex, 8 to 25 percent slopes	2250	1449	2484684	2pdj3	id716		1:24000
Camelback, very deep-Hades-Valmar complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	BAF	1241	599974	n4b0	id716		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades-Lanark complex, 4 to 24 percent slopes	7012	1129	3156830	2yvfb	id716		1:24000
Broadhead-Hades-Yago, very stony surface, complex, 5 to 35 percent slopes	BHE	1102	599981	n4b7	id716		1:24000
Bezzant-Camelback, very deep-Hades complex, 12 to 50 percent slopes	5510	920	3136542	2ypjt	id716		1:24000
Hades-Manila-Taylow complex, 4 to 30 percent slopes	6095	835	3074033	2xxdg	id716		1:24000
Hades-Laschance-Dranburn complex, 12 to 45 percent slopes	7075	825	3074040	2xxdp	id716		1:24000
Bothwell-Hades-Ricrest complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	2240	778	2484685	2pdj4	id716		1:24000
Hades-Camelback, very deep-Cedarhill complex, 10 to 55 percent slopes	2210	417	2484543	2pdck	id716		1:24000
Hades silt loam, 12 to 20 percent slopes	370E	343	159185	5bn0	id716		1:24000
Hades silt loam, 4 to 12 percent slopes	370D	327	159184	5bmz	id716		1:24000
Hades-Broadhead complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	6085	320	2989731	2x3mt	id716		1:24000
Hades-Vipont complex, 15 to 40 percent slopes	7042	193	3156837	2yvfk	id716		1:24000
Hades-Camelback, very deep-Lanoak complex, 1 to 10 percent slopes	370AA	191	2248201	2fgfm	id716		1:24000
Valmar-Prucree-Hades complex, 10 to 30 percent slopes	483	147	3163424	2mnb3	id716		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades complex, 6 to 20 percent slopes	LHE	104	600003	n4by	id716		1:24000
Hades-Alexander-Dranburn complex, 5 to 15 percent slopes, MLRA 13	1040	37	2427067	2mgkh	id716		1:24000
Ireland-Hades-Davtone family, complex, 15 to 45 percent slopes	388	3	3173397	2mn9z	id716		1:24000
Lanoak-Hades-Rexburg, very deep, complex, 4 to 20 percent slopes	480GG	499	3238978	2wg11	id770	1968	1:24000
Dranyon-Hades-Hagenbarth complex, 10 to 35 percent slopes	3200	496	3238991	2pt1s	id770	1968	1:24000
Bischoff-Hades-Lanark complex, 6 to 24 percent slopes	7021	266	3238908	2yql5	id770	1968	1:24000
Cloud Rim-Starvation, extremely stony-Hades, very stony complex, 5 to 50 percent slopes	SVD	11528	749223	t4mh	ut013		1:24000
Hades, very stony-Toehead association, 5 to 50 percent slopes	THE	494	1427914	1jxvr	ut013		1:24000
Hades-Bearskin-Rock outcrop association, 5 to 30 percent slopes	34	10765	481242	j4ry	ut601	1985	1:24000
Hades silt loam, 3 to 6 percent slopes	HAB	2400	503854	jx9c	ut604	1980	1:24000
Hades loam, 40 to 60 percent slopes	HaG	6450	506552	k03d	ut609	1974	1:24000
Hades loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes	HaC	1220	506551	k03c	ut609	1974	1:24000
Heiners-Fewkes-Hades complex, 30 to 70 percent slopes	141	46496	508185	k1t2	ut613	1999	1:24000
Fewkes-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	133	32589	508175	k1sr	ut613	1999	1:24000
Hades-Fewkes complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	138	17497	508181	k1sy	ut613	1999	1:24000
Hades-Agassiz-Rock outcrop complex, 30 to 70 percent slopes	136	11611	508180	k1sx	ut613	1999	1:24000
Horrocks-Hades complex, 30 to 60 percent slopes	146	5933	508189	k1t6	ut613	1999	1:24000
Fewkes-Hades complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes	132	5881	508176	k1ss	ut613	1999	1:24000
Hades-Fewkes complex, 15 to 30 percent slopes	137	2303	508182	k1sz	ut613	1999	1:24000
Hades-Horrocks-Croydon, warm, families complex, 15 to 40 percent slopes	145B		3243285	2zsd3	ut645		1:24000
Heiners-Fewkes-Hades complex, 30 to 70 percent slopes	511	2429	1480241	1lp9q	wy041		1:24000

Map of Series Extent

Approximate geographic distribution of the HADES soil series. To learn more about how this distribution was mapped, or to compare this soil series extent to others, use the Series Extent Explorer (SEE) application. Source: generalization of SSURGO geometry (updated 2023-10-04).