Official Series Description


Lab Data Summary

Aggregate lab data for the MARKHAM soil series. This aggregation is based on all pedons with a current taxon name of MARKHAM, and applied along 1-cm thick depth slices. Solid lines are the slice-wise median, bounded on either side by the interval defined by the slice-wise 5th and 95th percentiles. The median is the value that splits the data in half. Five percent of the data are less than the 5th percentile, and five percent of the data are greater than the 95th percentile. Values along the right hand side y-axis describe the proportion of pedon data that contribute to aggregate values at this depth. For example, a value of "90%" at 25cm means that 90% of the pedons correlated to MARKHAM were used in the calculation. Source: KSSL snapshot . Methods used to assemble the KSSL snapshot used by SoilWeb / SDE

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Pedons used in the lab summary:

MLRALab IDPedon IDTaxonnameCINSSL / NASIS ReportsLink To SoilWeb GMap
11003N085903IL043015aMarkham6Primary | Supplementary | Taxonomy | Pedon | Water Retention | Correlation | Andic Soil Properties41.9719444,-88.2491667
110WN83041983IN171004Markham3Primary | Supplementary | Taxonomy | Pedon | Water Retention | Correlation | Andic Soil Properties40.2812278,-87.4705722

Water Balance

Monthly water balance estimated using a leaky-bucket style model for the MARKHAM soil series. Monthly precipitation (PPT) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) have been estimated from the 50th percentile of gridded values (PRISM 1981-2010) overlapping with the extent of SSURGO map units containing each series as a major component. Monthly PET values were estimated using the method of Thornthwaite (1948). These (and other) climatic parameters are calculated with each SSURGO refresh and provided by the fetchOSD function of the soilDB package. Representative water storage values (“AWC” in the figures) were derived from SSURGO by taking the 50th percentile of profile-total water storage (sum[awc_r * horizon thickness]) for each soil series. Note that this representation of “water storage” is based on the average ability of most plants to extract soil water between 15 bar (“permanent wilting point”) and 1/3 bar (“field capacity”) matric potential. Soil moisture state can be roughly interpreted as “dry” when storage is depleted, “moist” when storage is between 0mm and AWC, and “wet” when there is a surplus. Clearly there are a lot of assumptions baked into this kind of monthly water balance. This is still a work in progress.

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Sibling Summary

Siblings are those soil series that occur together in map units, in this case with the MARKHAM series. Sketches are arranged according to their subgroup-level taxonomic structure. Source: SSURGO snapshot , parsed OSD records and snapshot of SC database .

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Select annual climate data summaries for the MARKHAM series and siblings. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of median values. Source: SSURGO map unit geometry and 1981-2010, 800m PRISM data .

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Geomorphic description summaries for the MARKHAM series and siblings. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of proportions and relative hydrologic position within an idealized landform (e.g. top to bottom). Most soil series (SSURGO components) are associated with a hillslope position and one or more landform-specific positions: hills, mountain slopes, terraces, and/or flats. Proportions can be interpreted as an aggregate representation of geomorphic membership. The values printed to the left (number of component records) and right (Shannon entropy) of stacked bars can be used to judge the reliability of trends. Small Shannon entropy values suggest relatively consistent geomorphic association, while larger values suggest lack thereof. Source: SSURGO component records .

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There are insufficient data to create the 3D mountains figure.

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Click the image to view it full size.

Competing Series

Soil series competing with MARKHAM share the same family level classification in Soil Taxonomy. Source: parsed OSD records and snapshot of the SC database .

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Select annual climate data summaries for the MARKHAM series and competing. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of median values. Source: SSURGO map unit geometry and 1981-2010, 800m PRISM data .

There are insufficient data to create the annual climate figure.

Geomorphic description summaries for the MARKHAM series and competing. Series are sorted according to hierarchical clustering of proportions and relative hydrologic position within an idealized landform (e.g. top to bottom). Proportions can be interpreted as an aggregate representation of geomorphic membership. Most soil series (SSURGO components) are associated with a hillslope position and one or more landform-specific positions: hills, mountain slopes, terraces, and/or flats. The values printed to the left (number of component records) and right (Shannon entropy) of stacked bars can be used to judge the reliability of trends. Shannon entropy values close to 0 represent soil series with relatively consistent geomorphic association, while values close to 1 suggest lack thereof. Source: SSURGO component records .

There are insufficient data to create the 2D hillslope position figure.

There are insufficient data to create the 3D hills figure.

There are insufficient data to create the 3D mountains figure.

There are insufficient data to create the 3D terrace figure.

There are insufficient data to create the 3D flats position figure.

Soil series sharing subgroup-level classification with MARKHAM, arranged according to family differentiae. Hovering over a series name will print full classification and a small sketch from the OSD. Source: snapshot of SC database .

Block Diagrams

Click a link below to display the diagram. Note that these diagrams may be from multiple survey areas.

  1. IL-2011-08-04-38 | Kankakee County - 1991

    Typical pattern of soils in Elliott-Varna-Ashkum association (Soil Survey of Kankakee County, Illinois; 1991).

  2. IN-2012-01-19-05 | Benton County - 1989

    Pattern of soils and parent material in the Elliot-Ashkum-Selma, moderately fine substratum, association (Soil Survey of Benton County, Indiana; 1989).

  3. IN-2012-01-19-36 | Lake County - July 1972

    Morley-Blount-Pewamo and Elliott-Markham-Pewamo soil assocations (Soil Survey of Lake County, Indiana; 1972).

Map Units

Map units containing MARKHAM as a major component. Limited to 250 records.

Map Unit Name Symbol Map Unit Area (ac) Map Unit Key National Map Unit Symbol Soil Survey Area Publication Date Map Scale
Markham-Ashkum-Beecher complex, 1 to 6 percent slopes854B17010210891528shjil03120081:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B1580921087692ytpril03120081:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C21359321087702ytpsil03120081:12000
Markham silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded531D275121087712ytpyil03120081:12000
Markham-Ashkum-Beecher complex, 1 to 6 percent slopes854B3073918345664wyil04319981:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B151421834282ytpril04319981:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C269131834292ytpsil04319981:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B43971988562ytpril08920001:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C220421988572ytpsil08920001:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B50389889012ytpril09120031:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C222379889032ytpsil09120031:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B95537777172ytpril09720031:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C291737777182ytpsil09720031:12000
Grays and Markham silt loams, 2 to 4 percent slopes979B5629809240w52jil09720031:12000
Markham silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded531D219257777192ytpyil09720031:12000
Grays and Markham silt loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes979A719809239w52hil09720031:12000
Markham silt loam, 4 to 6 percent slopes, eroded531C2220302623902ytpsil19720021:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 4 percent slopes531B12972150432ytpril19720021:12000
Markham silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, eroded531D27456187342ytpyil19720021:12000
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, erodedMbB214221645882ytpwin00719851:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, erodedMaB2198792724662ytpwin08919671:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopesMcB32831606562ytpvin12719781:15840
Markham silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopesMcA9381606552ytpxin12719781:15840
Markham-Symerton silt loams, 2 to 6 percent slopes, erodedMcB299741631305gr8in17119871:15840
Markham silty clay loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, severely erodedMaB34851631295gr7in17119871:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopesMeB1074932686652ytpvwi05920231:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, erodedMeB2379532686662ytpwwi05920231:15840
Markham silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, erodedMeC2127832686672ytpywi05920231:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopesMeB53434033182ytpvwi07920231:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopesMeB1097534032422ytpvwi10120231:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, erodedMeB2389634032432ytpwwi10120231:15840
Markham silt loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, erodedMeC2121734032412ytpywi10120231:15840
Markham silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopesMeB12534034722ytpvwi13320231:15840

Map of Series Extent

Approximate geographic distribution of the MARKHAM soil series. To learn more about how this distribution was mapped, or to compare this soil series extent to others, use the Series Extent Explorer (SEE) application. Source: generalization of SSURGO geometry .